chemistry today magazine

chemistry today magazine

chemistry today magazine Published this article page no 81  SIGNIFICANT MEASURES ANNOUNCED Sectors Measures Taken Coal  Introduction of Commercial Mining in Coal Sector o The objective is to reduce the import of substitutable coal and increase selfreliance in production of coal. o This objective can be achieved by introducing competition bringing transparency and increasing private sector participation. To achieve these government has envisaged following reforms  Changing partnership pattern with private sector to revenue sharing mechanism from the regime of fixed Rupeetonne.  Earlier only captive consumers with end use ownership could bid for a coal block. Post> these reforms any party can bid for a coal block and sell in the open market.  Entry Norms for the sector will be liberalized and nearly 50 blocks will be offered immediately to all participants. Also there will be no eligibility conditions for new entrants only an upfront payment with a ceiling.  Opening of an Explorationcumproduction regime for partially explored blocks  Earlier only auction of fully explored coal blocks was permitted post reforms even partially> explored blocks will be auctioned.  Private sector participation in exploration has also been allowed chemistry today magazine buy.

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knowledge questions magazine

knowledge questions magazine

knowledge questions magazine Published this article page no  105 Langpih was part of the Kamrup district during the British colonial period but postIndependence it became part of the Garo Hills and Meghalaya.  Assam considers it to be part of the Mikir Hills in Assam. Meghalaya has questioned Blocks I and II of the Mikir Hills now Karbi Anglong region  being part of Assam. Meghalaya says these were parts of erstwhile United Khasi and Jaintia Hills districts. Efforts to solve the dispute  Both Assam and Meghalaya have constituted border dispute settlement committees.  Recently Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma and his Meghalaya counterpart Conrad Sangma decided to set up two regional committees to resolve the border disputes in a phased manner.  Sarma recently said five aspects were to be considered in resolving the border dispute. They are historical facts ethnicity administrative convenience mood and sentiments of the people concerned and the contiguity of the land. Assam and border issues  The states of the Northeast were largely carved out of Assam which has border disputes with several states. Assams border disputes with Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland are pending in the Supreme Court.  Assams border disputes with Meghalaya and Mizoram are currently in the phase of resolution through negotiations. The border dispute with Mizoram recently turned violent leading to intervention from the Centre. Topics Security challenges and their management in border areas linkages of organized crime with terrorism. 1. Major upgrade for India infrastructure along LAC Context According to the report of the departmentrelated parliamentary standing committee on home affairs  The infrastructure on the IndoChina border is undergoing a major upgrade more so in the aftermath of the border row that led to skirmishes with the Chinese troops in Galwan in 2020.  18 border roads are already complete and operational 7 are about to be completed and work on 8 roads under Phase 11 of the IndoChina Border Roads project knowledge questions magazine buy.

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competition wizard

competition wizard

competition wizard Published this article page no 52  4. Improvement in the quality reliability and affordability of power supply to consumers through a financially sustainable and operationally efficient distribution sector. Issues with earlier initiatives are as follows Insufficient Monitoring mechanism Due to inadequate metering and data collection system in place utilities have not been able to conduct energy audit which is crucial for any energy business. Accountability and Technology Issues The Schemes could not reduce the high Aggregate Technical & Commercial (AT&C) losses due to high Transmission and Distribution (T&D) losses coupled with low collection efficiency. Low level of collection is attributable to lack of employees accountability inadequate collection facilities limited usage of advanced technology billing errors etc. Lack of Consumer Records Schemes have not put in mechanism for maintaining consumer database and asset database which can be addressed through IT and communication solutions. Most utilities maintain manual records of consumers. This leads to mismanagement and losses. Revenue & Expenditure gaps The gap between discoms costs (average cost of supply) and revenues (average revenue realised) which was supposed to have been eliminated by now stands at Rs 0.49 per unit in the absence of regular and commensurate tariff hikes. Electrification and Support structure mismatch The schemes have not been able to address the gap between increasing electrification and related supporting structural mechanism. Under FAMEIndia Scheme incentives are provided to buyers of electric vehicles in the form of an upfront reduction in the purchase price of electric vehicles.  As per the information received from Department of Revenue at present the GST rate on electric vehicles is 5%.  The GST rates are prescribed based on the recommendations of the GST Council.  Electric vehicles are already at the lowest rate slab of 5%. Following steps have been taken by the Government for adoption of electric vehicles in the country  The Government on 12th May 2021 approved a Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme for manufacturing of Advanced Chemistry Cell (ACC) in the country in order to bring down prices of battery in the country. Drop in battery price will  135 result in cost reduction of electric vehicles.  GST on electric vehicles has been reduced from 12% to 5% GST on chargers charging stations for electric vehicles has been reduced from 18% to 5% competition wizard buy. 

competition wizard

competition wizard

competition wizard 

competition wizard Published this article page no  51 The scheme involves a compulsory smart metering ecosystem across the distribution sector—starting from electricity feeders to the consumer level including in about 250 million households. 6. Scheme also focuses on funding for feeder segregation for unsegregated feeders. 7. The Scheme has a major focus on improving electricity supply for the farmers and for providing daytime electricity to them through solarization of agricultural feeders. Implementation  Existing power sector reforms schemes such as Integrated Power Development Scheme Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana and Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana will be merged into this umbrella program.  Each state would have its own action plan for implementation of the scheme rather than a onesizefitsall approach.  Nodal agencies for the schemes implementation are Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) Limited and Power Finance Corporation (PFC). The schemes cost is borne by the Centre and state governments in a 32 ratio. The state governments will be free to borrow from either RECPFC or from other financial institutions to mobilise the funds. Objectives of the scheme 1. Reduction of average aggregate technical and commercial loss to panIndia levels of 1215% by 2024 25. 2. Narrow the deficit between the cost of electricity and the price at which it is supplied to zero by 2024 25. 3. Developing institutional capabilities for modern DISCOMs competition wizard buy.

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junior science refresher

junior science refresher 

junior science refresher  Published this article page no  45 In order to familiarize women with the latest techniques in agriculture and allied sectors trainings are being imparted to women farmers under schemes of Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare and Ministry of Rural Development.  The guidelines of the various beneficiaryoriented schemes of the Department of Agriculture & Cooperation and Farmers Welfare (DAC&FW) provide that States and other Implementing Agencies to incur atleast 30% expenditure on women farmers. Following schemes have specific components for the welfare of women farmres 1. National Food Security Mission 2. National Mission on Oilseed & Oil Palm  129 3. National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture 4. SubMission for Seed and Planting Material 5. SubMission on Agricultural Mechanization and 6. Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture. Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana (MKSP) The Department of Rural Development launched a specific scheme namely Mahila Kisan Sashaktikaran Pariyojana (MKSP).  It is a subcomponent of DAYNRLM (Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana — National Rural Livelihoods Mission).  This scheme is being implemented since 2011.  Objectives To empower women by making systematic investments to enhance their participation and productivity as also create sustainable livelihoods of rural women.  Implementation The program is implemented in project mode through State Rural Livelihoods Mission (SRLM) as Project Implementing Agencies. Need for promotion of women farmer Agriculture support system in India strengthens the exclusion of women from their entitlements as agriculture workers and cultivators.  Rural women form the most productive work force in the economy of majority of the developing nations including India. More than 80% of rural women are engaged in agriculture activities for their livelihoods.  About 20 per cent of farm livelihoods are female headed due to widowhood desertion or male emigration.  Most of the womenheaded households are not able to access extension services farmers support institutions and production assets like seed water credit subsidy etc. As agricultural workers women are paid lower wage than men junior science refresher buy.

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general knowledge refresher magazine subscription

general knowledge refresher magazine subscription

general knowledge refresher magazine subscription  Published this article page no  99 37. Syllipsimopodi bideni Encouraged by his plans to address climate change and to mark the beginning of his presidency researchers have named a newly discovered fossilized vampire squid after Joe Biden.  Syllipsimopodi bideni has been described as an exceptionally wellpreserved vampyropod.  The fossil was discovered from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Lagerstätte of Montana.  The species possesses a gladius and ten robust arms bearing biserial rows of suckers. Significance of the discovery  It is the only known vampyropod to retain the ancestral tenarm condition.  The specimen is a completely new genus and species that dates to about 328 million years old—making it the oldest known vampyropod and extending the fossil record of the group by about 82 million years.  This is the first and only known vampyropod to possess 10 functional appendages. 38. Gallium Nitride Gallium Nitride Ecosystem Enabling Centre and Incubator (GEECI) has been set up in Bengaluru.  The facility has been jointly set up by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology and IISc Bengaluru.  It is aimed at establishing GaN based Development Line Foundry facility especially for RF and power applications including strategic applications. About Gallium Nitride Gallium Nitride (GaN) is believed to be the second most important material after silicon for electronics chips. Properties of Gallium Nitride High heat capacity Sensitivity to ionizing radiation is low fasterswitching speed higher thermal conductivity and lower onresistance. Applications  GaN is a semiconductor commonly used in blue lightemitting diodes (LEDs).  Gallium Nitride Technology is of strategic importance with its application in the field of 5G space and defense.  Gallium Nitride (GaN) plays a key role in enabling evehicles and wireless communication general knowledge refresher magazine subscription buy.

general knowledge refresher magazine subscription

general knowledge refresher magazine subscription

general knowledge refresher magazine subscription

general knowledge refresher magazine subscription  Published this article page no  98 36. International Arbitration Centre in Hyderabad CJI lays foundation for International Arbitration Centre in Hyderabad  Proposed by the International Arbitration and Mediation Centre Trust.  IAMCHyderabad is Indias first arbitration centre for alternate dispute resolution. What is Arbitration? Arbitration is an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure in which a dispute is submitted by agreement of the parties to one or more arbitrators who make a binding decision on the dispute. In choosing arbitration the parties opt for a private dispute resolution procedure instead of going to court.  190 What is Conciliation? Conciliation is also an alternative dispute resolution instrument where parties seek to reach an amicable dispute settlement with the assistance of the conciliator who acts as a neutral third party. is a voluntary proceeding where the parties involved are free to agree and attempt to resolve their dispute by conciliation general knowledge refresher magazine subscription buy.

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